14 Si 28.085

Silicon

METALLOID

Phase: Solid

Discovered: Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Block: P

Summary

Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a tetravalent metalloid, more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table. Controversy about silicon's character dates to its discovery.

Appearance: crystalline, reflective with bluish-tinged faces

Source: Wikipedia

Physical Properties

Atomic Mass 28.085 u

Density 2.329 g/cm³

Melting Point 1687 K

Boiling Point 3538 K

Molar Heat 19.789 J/(mol·K)

Electron Affinity 134.0684 kJ/mol

Ionization Energies

1^st: 786.5 kJ/mol

2^nd: 1577.1 kJ/mol

3^rd: 3231.6 kJ/mol

4^th: 4355.5 kJ/mol

5^th: 16091 kJ/mol

6^th: 19805 kJ/mol

7^th: 23780 kJ/mol

8^th: 29287 kJ/mol

9^th: 33878 kJ/mol

10^th: 38726 kJ/mol

11^th: 45962 kJ/mol

12^th: 50502 kJ/mol

13^th: 235196 kJ/mol

14^th: 257923 kJ/mol