41 Nb 92.906372

Niobium

TRANSITION METAL

Phase: Solid

Discovered: Charles Hatchett

Block: D

Summary

Niobium, formerly columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, which is often found in the pyrochlore mineral, the main commercial source for niobium, and columbite. The name comes from Greek mythology:Niobe, daughter of Tantalus since it is so similar to tantalum.

Appearance: gray metallic, bluish when oxidized

Source: Wikipedia

Physical Properties

Atomic Mass 92.906372 u

Density 8.57 g/cm³

Melting Point 2750 K

Boiling Point 5017 K

Molar Heat 24.6 J/(mol·K)

Electron Affinity 88.516 kJ/mol

Ionization Energies

1^st: 652.1 kJ/mol

2^nd: 1380 kJ/mol

3^rd: 2416 kJ/mol

4^th: 3700 kJ/mol

5^th: 4877 kJ/mol

6^th: 9847 kJ/mol

7^th: 12100 kJ/mol